肯尼迪就职演讲 肯尼迪就职演讲稿(中英文【9篇】

时间:2023-05-11 20:57:35

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约翰・肯尼迪就职的演说稿 篇一

约翰・肯尼迪就职的演说稿

我们今天不是祝贺党派的胜利,而是参加自由的庆典:它象征着一个开始――也是一个结束;它代表换代――也是更新。因为在你们和全能的上帝面前,我已经宣布了一百七十四年前我们祚告诫这同一个庄严的誓言。现在的世界发生巨大的变化。人类用自己的死亡之手握住了荡尽所有人间贫困和所有人类生命的势力。然而,我们祚这战斗的这同一个信念,仍然围绕着地球在争论――这个信念就是:人类的权利并非来自政府的慷慨施舍,而是来自上帝的手赠送。

今天,我们不敢忘记我们是独立的后嗣。让这个词从这个时刻,这个地点传给朋友,也传给敌人。这个火把已经传给了新的一代美国人――他们诞生在这个国度,经历过战争的锻炼,又接受了一个艰苦、严峻的和平时期的考验;他们为自己继承的悠久传统自豪;他们不愿意目睹或容忍那些人类权利无休无止的躁蹭。正是为了这些权利,这个国家一直在献身;也正是为了这些权利,我们今天在国内、在世界各地还在继续献身;也正是为了这些权利,我们今天在国内,在世界各地还在继续献身。

让每一个国家都知道,不论它是祝福我们,还是诅咒我们,我们将不惜任何代价、肩负任何重担、迎对任何艰难、支援任何朋友、反抗任何敌人,以保障自由的主权和胜利!这就是我们的保证,而且不仅如此:

1、对那些分享其文化、精神血统的昔日盟国,我们保证是他们忠实朋友。团结起来我们在合作探险的广阔天地里就无所不能;一旦分裂,我们则将一事无成,因为在争吵与离异中,我们就不敢面对强有力的挑战。

2、对那些我们欢迎加入自由行列的新独立国家,我们保证:决不允许殖民统治刚刚死亡,就又被一位变本加厉的专制暴君代替!我们并不总是期待着看到他们支持我们的观点,但是,我们将永远希望看见他们坚决维护自己的自由,并且记住:在以往,凡是愚蠢地骑在虎背上追求权力的'人,无不葬身虎腹……

3、对我们国家南部的姐妹共和国,我们提出特别保证:把我们善意的词句变成善意的行动,在一个争取进步的联盟里,帮助自由人民共国和自由政府斩断贫穷的锁链。但是,这个希望中的和平不能成为不友好政权嘴中的猎物。让我们所有的邻邦都知道:我们将坚决和他们一起,反抗在美洲任何地方的侵略与颠覆;也让每一个外部势力都清楚,这个半球决意继续当它自己房间的主人。

4、对联合国这个主权国家的世界集体,我们在战争机器远远胜过和平机器的一段时期里表示过最良好的祝愿。我们重申支持它的保证;阻止它就仅是恶语攻击的讲坛;加强它保护新独立国家和弱小国家作用;扩大服从它的法令地区。

5、最后,对那些愿作我们敌人的国家,我们提出的不是保证,而是一项请求,不要挨到被科学释放的毁灭性可怕能量在蓄谋或意外的自毁中吞灭了整个人类,让我们双方重新开始寻求和平吧。

我们不敢用软弱来劝诱他们。只有当我们武器不容置疑的充足,我们才能毋庸置疑地肯定它们永久不会被使用。然而,两个强大阵营都不可能从我们目前的角逐中尝到舒适――双方都背负着现代武器的沉重耗费;双方都受到原子死神扩散的直言警告;可是双方又都拼命改变那延缓人类末日战争指针转动的,不稳定的恐怖平衡。因此让我们重新开始――双方都记住:礼貌并非是怯懦的表示,而真诚则永远需要得到验证。让我们决不要因为害怕而谈判,但是,让我们决不要害怕谈判。让双方都来探索使我们走到一起的途径,而不是对那些使我们对立的问题作不必要的说明。让双方都第一次提出严肃的切实可行的建议,来检查和控制武器,并且把摧毁别国的绝对力量置于所有国家的绝对控制之下。

让以方都来寻求科学奇迹的福星,而不是它的恐惧。让我们来共同探索星球、征服沙漠、根绝疾病、开发海底以及鼓励艺术和商业贸易。让双方联合起来,在这片土地的每一个角落,遵从以赛亚的指引,“解下轭上的索,使被欺压者得到自由”。

如果建立合作的基础可以缓和尔虞我诈的恶争,让我们携手进行新的努力,不是新的势力平衡,而是一个新法法制世界,在那里,强者正义,弱者无虑,和平受到保卫。所有这些在一百日内不会完成,在一千日内和本届政府的任期内也不会完成,甚至当我们(这一代人)在这个星球上终止我们的生命时,它们也许会完成。但是,让我们着手吧!

我的同胞们,在我的手里,更在你们的手里决定着我们的事业的最后成败。自从这个国家建立以来,每一个美国人都受到召唤在证明他对国家的忠诚。年轻的美国人响应了这一召唤,为国尽忠,他们的陵墓遍布世界各地。现在,号角又在召唤我们:不是扛起枪,尽管我们需要武器;不是战斗,尽管我们严阵以待。而是肩负起漫长的黎明前斗争的重担,年复一年,“在希望中欢乐,在苦难中忍耐”――这是反对暴政、贫困、疾病和战争本身这些人类共同敌人一场斗争。

南方、北方、东部、西部,我们就不能铸成反对那些敌人的雄壮的全球同盟吗?它能够保证整个人类生活得更富裕丰足。你们愿意参加这个具有历史意义的斗争吗?

在这世界古老的历史中,在自由身陷最危险境地的时刻,只有几代人被赋予了保卫它的使命。我决不在这个责任面前退缩。我欢迎它。我不相信我们中有谁会把我们的重任推给别人或是另外一代人。精力、信念、献身――我们呈奉给这场斗争的牺牲――将照亮我们的国家和所有为她尽忠的人。从这簇火焰中升华的光辉一定能够照亮世界!所以,我的美国同胞们!不要问人的祖国能为你们做什么,问一问你们能为自己的祖国做什么。

我的同属于这个世界的公民们,不要问美国将为你们做些什么,问一问我们能为人类的自由共同做些什么。最后,不论你是美利坚公民还是世界公民,我要求你的力量与献身,你在这里也向我们提出同样高的要求吧,怀着一颗良心――我们唯一确定无疑的赏赐,伴随着历史――我们行为的最后法官,让我们走上前来引领我们热爱的这块土地,祈求上帝的祝愿和保佑,但是要记住:在地球的这里,上帝的努力也就是我们的努力!

我们今天不是祝贺党派的胜利,而是参加自由的庆典:它象征着一个开始――也是一个结束;它代表换代――也是更新。因为在你们和全能的上帝面前,我已经宣布了一百七十四年前我们祚告诫这同一个庄严的誓言。现在的世界发生巨大的变化。人类用自己的死亡之手握住了荡尽所有人间贫困和所有人类生命的势力。然而,我们祚这战斗的这同一个信念,仍然围绕着地球在争论――这个信念就是:人类的权利并非来自政府的慷慨施舍,而是来自上帝的手赠送。

林肯第一次就职演讲稿中英文 篇二

First Inaugural Address of Abraham Lincoln MONDAY, MARCH 4, 1861

Fellow-Citizens of the United States: In compliance with a custom as old as the Government itself, I appear before you to address you briefly and to take in your presence the oath prescribed by the Constitution of the United States to be taken by the President before he enters on the execution of this office.“ I do not consider it necessary at present for me to discuss those matters of administration about which there is no special anxiety or excitement. Apprehension seems to exist among the people of the Southern States that by the accession of a Republican Administration their property and their peace and personal security are to be endangered.

There has never been any reasonable cause for such apprehension. Indeed, the most ample evidence to the contrary has all the while existed and been open to their inspection. It is found in nearly all the published speeches of him who now addresses you. I do but quote from one of those speeches when I declare that-- I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so. Those who nominated and elected me did so with full knowledge that I had made this and many similar declarations and had never recanted them; and more than this, they placed in the platform for my acceptance, and as a law to themselves and to me, the clear and emphatic resolution which I now read: Resolved, That the maintenance inviolate of the rights of the States, and especially the right of each State to order and control its own domestic institutions according to its own judgment exclusively, is essential to that balance of power on which the perfection and endurance of our political fabric depend; and we denounce the lawless invasion by armed force of the soil of any State or Territory, no matter what pretext, as among the gravest of crimes.

I now reiterate these sentiments, and in doing so I only press upon the public attention the most conclusive evidence of which the case is susceptible that the property, peace, and security of no section are to be in any wise endangered by the now incoming Administration. I add, too, that all the protection which, consistently with the Constitution and the laws, can be given will be cheerfully given to all the States when lawfully demanded, for whatever cause--as cheerfully to one section as to another. There is much controversy about the delivering up of fugitives from service or labor. The clause I now read is as plainly written in the Constitution as any other of its provisions: No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall in consequence of any law or regulation therein be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. It is scarcely questioned that this provision was intended by those who made it for the reclaiming of what we call fugitive slaves; and the intention of the lawgiver is the law.

All members of Congress swear their support to the whole Constitution--to this provision as much as to any other. To the proposition, then, that slaves whose cases come within the terms of this clause ”shall be delivered up“ their oaths are unanimous. Now, if they would make the effort in good temper, could they not with nearly equal unanimity frame and pass a law by means of which to keep good that unanimous oath? There is some difference of opinion whether this clause should be enforced by national or by State authority, but surely that difference is not a very material one. If the slave is to be surrendered, it can be of but little consequence to him or to others by which authority it is done. And should anyone in any case be content that his oath shall go unkept on a merely unsubstantial controversy as to how it shall be kept?

Again: In any law upon this subject ought not all the safeguards of liberty known in civilized and humane jurisprudence to be introduced, so that a free man be not in any case surrendered as a slave? And might it not be well at the same time to provide by law for the enforcement of that clause in the Constitution which guarantees that ”the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States“? I take the official oath to-day with no mental reservations and with no purpose to construe the Constitution or laws by any hypercritical rules; and while I do not choose now to specify particular acts of Congress as proper to be enforced, I do suggest that it will be much safer for all, both in official and private stations, to conform to and abide by all those acts which stand unrepealed than to violate any of them trusting to find impunity in having them held to be unconstitutional. It is seventy-two years since the first inauguration of a President under our National Constitution. During that period fifteen different and greatly distinguished citizens have in succession administered the executive branch of the Government. They have conducted it through many perils, and generally with great success.

Yet, with all this scope of precedent, I now enter upon the same task for the brief constitutional term of four years under great and peculiar difficulty. A disruption of the Federal Union, heretofore only menaced, is now formidably attempted. I hold that in contemplation of universal law and of the Constitution the Union of these States is perpetual. Perpetuity is implied, if not expressed, in the fundamental law of all national governments. It is safe to assert that no government proper ever had a provision in its organic law for its own termination. Continue to execute all the express provisions of our National Constitution, and the Union will endure forever, it being impossible to destroy it except by some action not provided for in the instrument itself. Again: If the United States be not a government proper, but an association of States in the nature of contract merely, can it, as acontract, be peaceably unmade by less than all the parties who made it? One party to a contract may violate it--break it, so to speak--but does it not require all to lawfully rescind it? Descending from these general principles, we find the proposition that in legal contemplation the Union is perpetual confirmed by the history of the Union itself. The Union is much older than the Constitution.

It was formed, in fact, by the Articles of Association in 1774. It was matured and continued by the Declaration of Independence in 1776. It was further matured, and the faith of all the then thirteen States expressly plighted and engaged that it should be perpetual, by the Articles of Confederation in 1778. And finally, in 1787, one of the declared objects for ordaining and establishing the Constitution was ”to form a more perfect Union.“ But if destruction of the Union by one or by a part only of the States be lawfully possible, the Union is less perfect than before the Constitution, having lost the vital element of perpetuity. It follows from these views that no State upon its own mere motion can lawfully get out of the Union; that resolves and ordinances to that effect are legally void, and that acts of violence within any State or States against the authority of the United States are insurrectionary or revolutionary, according to circumstances. I therefore consider that in view of the Constitution and the laws the Union is unbroken, and to the extent of my ability, I shall take care, as the Constitution itself expressly enjoins upon me, that the laws of the Union be faithfully executed in all the States. Doing this I deem to be only a simple duty on my part, and Ishall perform it so far as practicable unless my rightful masters, the American people, shall withhold the requisite means or in some authoritative manner direct the contrary. I trust this will not be regarded as a menace, but only as the declared purpose of the Union that it will constitutionally defend and maintain itself. In doing this there needs to be no bloodshed or violence, and there shall be none unless it be forced upon the national authority. The power confided to me will be used to hold, occupy, and possess the property and places belonging to the Government and to collect the duties and imposts; but beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no invasion, no using of force against or among the people anywhere. Where hostility to the United States in any interior locality shall be so great and universal as to prevent competent resident citizens from holding the Federal offices, there will be no attempt to force obnoxious strangers among the people for that object. While the strict legal right may exist in the Government to enforce the exercise of these offices, the attempt to do so would be so irritating and so nearly impracticable withal that I deem it better to forego for the time the uses of such offices. The mails, unless repelled, will continue to be furnished in all parts of the Union. So far as possible the people everywhere shall have that sense of perfect security which is most favorable to calm thought and reflection. The course here indicated will be followed unless current events and experience shall show a modification or change to be proper, and in every case and exigency my best discretion will be exercised, according to circumstances actually existing and with a view and a hope of a peaceful solution of the national troubles and the restoration of fraternal sympathies and affections. That there are persons in one section or another who seek to destroy the Union at all events and are glad of any pretext to do it I will neither affirm nor deny; but if there be such, I need address no word to them. To those, however, who really love the Union may I not speak? Before entering upon so grave a matter as the destruction of our national fabric, with all its benefits, its memories, and its hopes, would it not be wise to ascertain precisely why we do it? Will you hazard so desperate a step while there is any possibility that any portion of the ills you fly from have no real existence? Will you, while the certain ills you fly to are greater than all the real ones you fly from, will you risk the commission of so fearful a mistake? All profess to be content in the Union if all constitutional rights can be maintained. Is it true, then, that any right plainly written in the Constitution has been denied? I think not. Happily, the human mind is so constituted that no party can reach to the audacity of doing this. Think, if you can, of a single instance in which a plainly written provision of the Constitution has ever been denied. If by the mere force of numbers a majority should deprive a minority of any clearly written constitutional right, it might in a moral point of view justify revolution; certainly would if such right were a vital one. But such is not our case. All the vital rights of minorities and of individuals are so plainly assured to them by affirmations and negations, guaranties and prohibitions, in the Constitution that controversies never arise concerning them. But no organic law can ever be framed with a provision specifically applicable to every question which may occur in practical administration. No foresight can anticipate nor any document of reasonable length contain express provisions for all possible questions. Shall fugitives from labor be surrendered by national or by State authority? The Constitution does not expressly say. May Congress prohibit slavery in the Territories? The Constitution does not expressly say. Must Congress protect slavery in the Territories? The Constitution does not expressly say. From questions of this class spring all our constitutional controversies, and we divide upon them into majorities and minorities. If the minority will not acquiesce, the majority must, or the Government must cease. There is no other alternative, for continuing the Government is acquiescence on one side or the other. If a minority in such case will secede rather than acquiesce, they make a precedent which in turn will divide and ruin them, for a minority of their own will secede from them whenever a majority refuses to be controlled by such minority. For instance, why may not any portion of a new confederacy a year or two hence arbitrarily secede again, precisely as portions of the present Union now claim to secede from it? All who cherish disunion sentiments are now being educated to the exact temper of doing this. Is there such perfect identity of interests among the States to compose a new union as to produce harmony only and prevent renewed secession? Plainly the central idea of secession is the essence of anarchy. A majority held in restraint by constitutional checks and limitations, and always changing easily with deliberate changes of popular opinions and sentiments, is the only true sovereign of a free people. Whoever rejects it does of necessity fly to anarchy or to despotism. Unanimity is impossible. The rule of a minority, as a permanent arrangement, is wholly inadmissible; so that, rejecting the majority principle, anarchy or despotism in some form is all that is left. I do not forget the position assumed by some that constitutional questions are to be decided by the Supreme Court, nor do I deny that such decisions must be binding in any case upon the parties to a suit as to the object of that suit, while they are also entitled to very high respect and consideration in all parallel cases by all other departments of the Government. And while it is obviously possible that such decision may be erroneous in any given case, still the evil effect following it, being limited to that particular case, with the chance that it may be overruled and never become a precedent for other cases, can better be borne than could the evils of a different practice. At the same time, the candid citizen must confess that if the policy of the Government upon vital questions affecting the whole people is to be irrevocably fixed by decisions of the Supreme Court, the instant they are made in ordinary litigation between parties in personal actions the people will have ceased to be their own rulers, having to that extent practically resigned their Government into the hands of that eminent tribunal. Nor is there in this view any assault upon the court or the judges. It is a duty from which they may not shrink to decide cases properly brought before them, and it is no fault of theirs if others seek to turn their decisions to political purposes. One section of our country believes slavery is right and ought to be extended, while the other believes it is wrong and ought not to be extended. This is the only substantial dispute. The fugitive- slave clause of the Constitution and the law for the suppression of the foreign slave trade are each as well enforced, perhaps, as any law can ever be in a community where the moral sense of the people imperfectly supports the law itself. The great body of the people abide by the dry legal obligation in both cases, and a few break over in each. This, I think, can not be perfectly cured, and it would be worse in both cases after the separation of the sections than before. The foreign slave trade, now imperfectly suppressed, would be ultimately revived without restriction in one section, while fugitive slaves, now only partially surrendered, would not be surrendered at all by the other. Physically speaking, we can not separate. We can not remove our respective sections from each other nor build an impassable wall between them. A husband and wife may be divorced and go out of the presence and beyond the reach of each other, but the different parts of our country can not do this. They can not but remain face to face, and intercourse, either amicable or hostile, must continue between them. Is it possible, then, to make that intercourse more advantageous or more satisfactory after separation than before? Can aliens make treaties easier than friends can make laws? Can treaties be more faithfully enforced between aliens than laws can among friends? Suppose you go to war, you can not fight always; and when, after much loss on both sides and no gain on either, you cease fighting, the identical old questions, as to terms of intercourse, are again upon you. This country, with its institutions, belongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing Government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it. I can not be ignorant of the fact that many worthy and patriotic citizens are desirous of having the National Constitution amended. While I make no recommendation of amendments, I fully recognize the rightful authority of the people over the whole subject, to be exercised in either of the modes prescribed in the instrument itself; and I should, under existing circumstances, favor rather than oppose a fair opportunity being afforded the people to act upon it. I will venture to add that to me the convention mode seems preferable, in that it allows amendments to originate with the people themselves, instead of only permitting them to take or reject propositions originated by others, not especially chosen for the purpose, and which might not be precisely such as they would wish to either accept or refuse. I understand a proposed amendment to the Constitution--which amendment, however, I have not seen--has passed Congress, to the effect that the Federal Government shall never interfere with the domestic institutions of the States, including that of persons held to service. To avoid misconstruction of what I have said, I depart from my purpose not to speak of particular amendments so far as to say that, holding such a provision to now be implied constitutional law, I have no objection to its being made express and irrevocable. The Chief Magistrate derives all his authority from the people, and they have referred none upon him to fix terms for the separation of the States. The people themselves can do this if also they choose, but the Executive as such has nothing to do with it. His duty is to administer the present Government as it came to his hands and to transmit it unimpaired by him to his successor. Why should there not be a patient confidence in the ultimate justice of the people? Is there any better or equal hope in the world? In our present differences, is either party without faith of being in the right? If the Almighty Ruler of Nations, with His eternal truth and justice, be on your side of the North, or on yours of the South, that truth and that justice will surely prevail by the judgment of this great tribunal of the American people. By the frame of the Government under which we live this same people have wisely given their public servants but little power for mischief, and have with equal wisdom provided for the return of that little to their own hands at very short intervals. While the people retain their virtue and vigilance no Administration by any extreme of wickedness or folly can very seriously injure the Government in the short space of four years. My countrymen, one and all, think calmly and well upon this whole subject. Nothing valuable can be lost by taking time. If there be an object to hurry any of you in hot haste to a step which you would never take deliberately, that object will be frustrated by taking time; but no good object can be frustrated by it. Such of you as are now dissatisfied still have the old Constitution unimpaired, and, on the sensitive point, the laws of your own framing under it; while the new Administration will have no immediate power, if it would, to change either. If it were admitted that you who are dissatisfied hold the right side in the dispute, there still is no single good reason for precipitate action. Intelligence, patriotism, Christianity, and a firm reliance on Him who has never yet forsaken this favored land are still competent to adjust in the best way all our present difficulty. In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow-countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The Government will not assail you. You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath registered in heaven to destroy the Government, while I shall have the most solemn one to ”preserve, protect, and defend it." I am loath to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature.

就职演讲稿 篇三

作为班长,要对班里的事务全面负责,协助其他班委干好班内事务。

我在学习中,生活中有许多不足之处,因此我要努力改正自己,做一名合格的班委,我的成绩并不优秀,但是我相信我能够管理好九班这个温馨的大家庭。

在我这几天的观察中,班里还有许多问题存在,在学习方面:课下抄袭现象大有存在,我想这可能由于作业太多的原因,在卫生方面:比以前好了很多,同学们能够自觉打扫卫生,在教室内能够做到不乱扔垃圾,在纪律方面:自习上说话的现象较多,班委管根本就不起作用,安静一会就又开始说话,课下又有许多同学喜欢打闹,我想,喜欢打闹是男孩子的天性,,但是也不要闹的过火。

我希望各位同学能够自觉遵守班内的规章制度,多做为班集体争光的事情,望各位班委成员,对班级事务尽职尽责,

为班集体做出贡献。

让我们共同努力吧!相信我们九班在班主任的带领下将更加辉煌!

约翰・肯尼迪就职中文优秀演说稿 篇四

约翰・肯尼迪就职中文优秀演说稿

我们今天不是祝贺党派的胜利,而是参加自由的庆典:它象征着一个开始――也是一个结束;它代表换代――也是更新。因为在你们和全能的上帝面前,我已经宣布了一百七十四年前我们祚告诫这同一个庄严的誓言。

现在的世界发生巨大的变化。人类用自己的死亡之手握住了荡尽所有人间贫困和所有人类生命的势力。然而,我们祚这战斗的这同一个信念,仍然围绕着地球在争论――这个信念就是:人类的权利并非来自政府的慷慨施舍,而是来自上帝的手赠送。

今天,我们不敢忘记我们是独立的后嗣。让这个词从这个时刻,这个地点传给朋友,也传给敌人。这个火把已经传给了新的一代美国人――他们诞生在这个国度,经历过战争的锻炼,又接受了一个艰苦、严峻的和平时期的考验;他们为自己继承的悠久传统自豪;他们不愿意目睹或容忍那些人类权利无休无止的躁蹭。正是为了这些权利,这个国家一直在献身;也正是为了这些权利,我们今天在国内、在世界各地还在继续献身;也正是为了这些权利,我们今天在国内,在世界各地还在继续献身。

让每一个国家都知道,不论它是祝福我们,还是诅咒我们,我们将不惜任何代价、肩负任何重担、迎对任何艰难、支援任何朋友、反抗任何敌人,以保障自由的主权和胜利!

这就是我们的保证,而且不仅如此:

――对那些分享其文化、精神血统的昔日盟国,我们保证是他们忠实朋友。团结起来我们在合作探险的广阔天地里就无所不能;一旦分裂,我们则将一事无成,因为在争吵与离异中,我们就不敢面对强有力的挑战。

――对那些我们欢迎加入自由行列的新独立国家,我们保证:决不允许殖民统治刚刚死亡,就又被一位变本加厉的专制暴君代替!我们并不总是期待着看到他们支持我们的观点,但是,我们将永远希望看见他们坚决维护自己的自由,并且记住:在以往,凡是愚蠢地骑在虎背上追求权力的人,无不葬身虎腹……

――对我们国家南部的姐妹共和国,我们提出特别保证:把我们善意的词句变成善意的行动,在一个争取进步的联盟里,帮助自由人民共国和自由政府斩断贫穷的锁链。但是,这个希望中的和平不能成为不友好政权嘴中的猎物。让我们所有的邻邦都知道:我们将坚决和他们一起,反抗在美洲任何地方的侵略与颠覆;也让每一个外部势力都清楚,这个半球决意继续当它自己房间的主人。

――对联合国这个主权国家的世界集体,我们在战争机器远远胜过和平机器的一段时期里表示过最良好的祝愿。我们重申支持它的保证;阻止它就仅是恶语攻击的讲坛;加强它保护新独立国家和弱小国家作用;扩大服从它的法令地区。

――最后,对那些愿作我们敌人的国家,我们提出的不是保证,而是一项请求,不要挨到被科学释放的毁灭性可怕能量在蓄谋或意外的自毁中吞灭了整个人类,让我们双方重新开始寻求和平吧。

我们不敢用软弱来劝诱他们。只有当我们武器不容置疑的充足,我们才能毋庸置疑地肯定它们永久不会被使用。然而,两个强大阵营都不可能从我们目前的角逐中尝到舒适――双方都背负着现代武器的沉重耗费;双方都受到原子死神扩散的直言警告;可是双方又都拼命改变那延缓人类末日战争指针转动的,不稳定的恐怖平衡。

因此让我们重新开始――双方都记住:礼貌并非是怯懦的表示,而真诚则永远需要得到验证。让我们决不要因为害怕而谈判,但是,让我们决不要害怕谈判。让双方都来探索使我们走到一起的途径,而不是对那些使我们对立的问题作不必要的说明。让双方都第一次提出严肃的切实可行的建议,来检查和控制武器,并且把摧毁别国的绝对力量置于所有国家的绝对控制之下。

让以方都来寻求科学奇迹的福星,而不是它的恐惧。让我们来共同探索星球、征服沙漠、根绝疾病、开发海底以及鼓励艺术和商业贸易。

让双方联合起来,在这片土地的每一个角落,遵从以赛亚的指引,“解下轭上的索,使被欺压者得到自由”。

如果建立合作的基础可以缓和尔虞我诈的恶争,让我们携手进行新的努力,不是新的势力平衡,而是一个新法法制世界,在那里,强者正义,弱者无虑,和平受到保卫。

所有这些在一百日内不会完成,在一千日内和本届政府的任期内也不会完成,甚至当我们(这一代人)在这个星球上终止我们的生命时,它们也许会完成。但是,让我们着手吧!

我的同胞们,在我的手里,更在你们的手里决定着我们的事业的最后成败。自从这个国家建立以来,每一个美国人都受到召唤在证明他对国家的忠诚。年轻的美国人响应了这一召唤,为国尽忠,他们的陵墓遍布世界各地。

现在,号角又在召唤我们:不是扛起枪,尽管我们需要武器;不是战斗,尽管我们严阵以待。而是肩负起漫长的黎明前斗争的重担,年复一年,“在希望中欢乐,在苦难中忍耐”――这是反对暴政、贫困、疾病和战争本身这些人类共同敌人一场斗争。

南方、北方、东部、西部,我们就不能铸成反对那些敌人的雄壮的全球同盟吗?它能够保证整个人类生活得更富裕丰足。你们愿意参加这个具有历史意义的斗争吗?

在这世界古老的历史中,在自由身陷最危险境地的时刻,只有几代人被赋予了保卫它的使命。我决不在这个责任面前退缩。我欢迎它。我不相信我们中有谁会把我们的重任推给别人或是另外一代人。精力、信念、献身――我们呈奉给这场斗争的牺牲――将照亮我们的国家和所有为她尽忠的人。从这簇火焰中升华的光辉一定能够照亮世界!

所以,我的美国同胞们!不要问人的祖国能为你们做什么,问一问你们能为自己的祖国做什么。

我的同属于这个世界的公民们,不要问美国将为你们做些什么,问一问我们能为人类的自由共同做些什么。最后,不论你是美利坚公民还是世界公民,我要求你的力量与献身,你在这里也向我们提出同样高的要求吧,怀着一颗良心――我们唯一确定无疑的赏赐,伴随着历史――我们行为的最后法官,让我们走上前来引领我们热爱的这块土地,祈求上帝的祝愿和保佑,但是要记住:在地球的这里,上帝的努力也就是我们的努力!

我们今天不是祝贺党派的胜利,而是参加自由的庆典:它象征着一个开始――也是一个结束;它代表换代――也是更新。因为在你们和全能的上帝面前,我已经宣布了一百七十四年前我们祚告诫这同一个庄严的誓言。

现在的世界发生巨大的变化。人类用自己的死亡之手握住了荡尽所有人间贫困和所有人类生命的势力。然而,我们祚这战斗的这同一个信念,仍然围绕着地球在争论――这个信念就是:人类的权利并非来自政府的慷慨施舍,而是来自上帝的手赠送。

今天,我们不敢忘记我们是独立的后嗣。让这个词从这个时刻,这个地点传给朋友,也传给敌人。这个火把已经传给了新的一代美国人――他们诞生在这个国度,经历过战争的锻炼,又接受了一个艰苦、严峻的。和平时期的考验;他们为自己继承的悠久传统自豪;他们不愿意目睹或容忍那些人类权利无休无止的躁蹭。正是为了这些权利,这个国家一直在献身;也正是为了这些权利,我们今天在国内、在世界各地还在继续献身;也正是为了这些权利,我们今天在国内,在世界各地还在继续献身。

让每一个国家都知道,不论它是祝福我们,还是诅咒我们,我们将不惜任何代价、肩负任何重担、迎对任何艰难、支援任何朋友、反抗任何敌人,以保障自由的主权和胜利!

这就是我们的保证,而且不仅如此:

――对那些分享其文化、精神血统的昔日盟国,我们保证是他们忠实朋友。团结起来我们在合作探险的广阔天地里就无所不能;一旦分裂,我们则将一事无成,因为在争吵与离异中,我们就不敢面对强有力的挑战。

――对那些我们欢迎加入自由行列的新独立国家,我们保证:决不允许殖民统治刚刚死亡,就又被一位变本加厉的专制暴君代替!我们并不总是期待着看到他们支持我们的观点,但是,我们将永远希望看见他们坚决维护自己的自由,并且记住:在以往,凡是愚蠢地骑在虎背上追求权力的人,无不葬身虎腹……

――对我们国家南部的姐妹共和国,我们提出特别保证:把我们善意的词句变成善意的行动,在一个争取进步的联盟里,帮助自由人民共国和自由政府斩断贫穷的锁链。但是,这个希望中的和平不能成为不友好政权嘴中的猎物。让我们所有的邻邦都知道:我们将坚决和他们一起,反抗在美洲任何地方的侵略与颠覆;也让每一个外部势力都清楚,这个半球决意继续当它自己房间的主人。

――对联合国这个主权国家的世界集体,我们在战争机器远远胜过和平机器的一段时期里表示过最良好的祝愿。我们重申支持它的保证;阻止它就仅是恶语攻击的讲坛;加强它保护新独立国家和弱小国家作用;扩大服从它的法令地区。

――最后,对那些愿作我们敌人的国家,我们提出的不是保证,而是一项请求,不要挨到被科学释放的毁灭性可怕能量在蓄谋或意外的自毁中吞灭了整个人类,让我们双方重新开始寻求和平吧。

肯尼迪就职的演说稿 篇五

肯尼迪就职的演说稿

John F. Kennedy: Inaugural Address

Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President Truman, Reverend Clergy, fellow citizens:

We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.

The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.

We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.

Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty.

This much we pledge -- and more.

To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.

To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.

林肯第一次就职演讲稿中英文 篇六

合众国的同胞们:

1861年3月4日

按照一个和我们的政府一样古老的习惯,我现在来到诸位的面前,简单地讲几句话,并在你们的面前,遵照合众国宪法规定一个总统在他“到职视事之前”必须宣誓的仪式,在大家面前宣誓。

我认为没有必要在这里来讨论并不特别令人忧虑和不安的行政方面的问题。

在南方各州人民中似乎存在着一种恐惧心理。他们认为,随着共和党政府的执政,他们的财产,他们的和平生活和人身安全都将遭到危险。这种恐惧是从来没有任何事实根据的。说实在的,大量相反的证据倒是一直存在,并随时可以供他们检查的。那种证据几乎在现在对你们讲话的这个人公开发表的每一篇演说中都能找到。这里我只想引用其中的一篇,在那篇演说中我曾说,“我完全无意,对已经存在奴隶制的各州的这一制度,进行直接或间接的干涉。我深信我根本没有合法权利那样做,而且我无此意图。”那些提名我并选举我的人都完全知道,我曾明确这么讲过,并且还讲过许多类似的话,而且从来也没有收回过我已讲过的这些话。不仅如此,他们还在纲领中,写进了对他们和对我来说,都具有法律效力的一项清楚明白、不容含糊的决议让我接受。这里我来对大家谈谈这一决议:

“决议,保持各州的各种权利不受侵犯,特别是各州完全凭自己的决断来安排和控制本州内部各种制度的权利不受侵犯,乃是我们的政治结构赖以完善和得以持久的权力均衡的至为重要的因素;我们谴责使用武装力量非法入侵任何一个州或准州的土地,这种入侵不论使用什么借口,都是最严重的罪行。”

我现在重申这些观点:而在这样做的时候,我只想提请公众注意,最能对这一点提出确切证据的那就是全国任何一个地方的财产、和平生活和人身安全决不会在任何情况下,由于即将上任的政府而遭到危险。这里我还要补充说,各州只要符合宪法和法律规定,合法地提出保护要求,政府便一定会乐于给予保护,不管是出于什么原因一一而且对任何一个地方都一视同仁。

有一个争论得很多的问题是,关于逃避服务或引渡从劳役中逃走的人的问题。我现在要宣读的条文,也和任何有关其它问题的条款一样,明明白白写在宪法之中:

“凡根据一个州的法律应在该州于服务或从事劳役的人,如逃到另一州,一律不得按照这一州的法律或条例,使其解除该项服务或劳役,而必,须按照有权享有该项服务或劳役当事人的要求,将其引渡。”

毫无疑问,按照制订这一条款的人的意图,此项规定实际指的就是,对我们所说的逃亡奴隶有权索回;而法律制订人的这一意图实际已成为法律。国会的所有议员都曾宣誓遵守宪法中的一切条款——对这一条和其它各条并无两样。因此,关于适合这一条款规定的奴隶应“将其引渡”这一点,他们的誓言是完全一致的。那么现在如果他们心平气和地作一番努力,他们难道不能以几乎同样完全一致的誓言,制订一项法律,以使他们的共同誓言得以实施吗?

究竟这一条款应该由国家当局,还是由州当局来执行,大家的意见还不完全一致;但可以肯定地说,这种分歧并不是什么十分重要的问题。只要奴隶能被交还,那究竟由哪一个当局来交还,对奴隶或对别的人来说,没有什么关系。任何人,在任何情况下,也决不会因为应以何种方式来实。现他的誓言这样一个无关紧要的争执,他便会认为完全可以不遵守自己的誓言吧?

另外,在任何有关这一问题的法律中,应不应该把文明和人道法学中关于自由的各项保证都写上,以防止在任何情况下使一个自由人被作为奴隶交出吗?同时,宪法中还有一条规定,明确保证“每一州的公民都享有其它各州公民所享有公民的一切特权和豁免权”,我们用法律保证使这一条文得以执行,那不是更好吗?

我今天在这里正式宣誓,思想上决无任何保留,也决无意以任何过于挑剔的标准来解释宪法或法律条文。我现在虽不打算详细指出国会的哪些法令必须要遵照执行;但我建议,我们大家,不论以个人身份还是以公职人员的身份,为了有更多的安全,我们最好服从并遵守现在还没有废除的一切法令,而不要轻易相信可以指之为不合宪法,便可以逃脱罪责,而对它们公然违反。

自从第一任总统根据国家宪法宣誓就职以来,七十二年已经过去了。在这期间,十五位十分杰出的公民相继主持过政府的行政部门。他们引导着它度过了许多艰难险阻;一般都获得极大的成功。然而,尽管有这么多可供参考的先例,我现在将在宪法所规定的短短四年任期中来担任这同一任务,却。面临着巨大的非同一般的困难。在此以前,分裂联邦只是受到了威胁,而现在却是已出现力图分裂它的可怕行动了。

从一般法律和我们的宪法来仔细考虑,我坚信,我们各州组成的联邦是永久性的。在一切国民政府的根本大法中永久性这一点,虽不一定写明,却是不言而喻的。我们完全可以肯定说,没有一个名副其实的政府会在自己的根本法中定出一条,规定自己完结的期限。继续执行我国宪法所明文规定的各项条文,联邦便将永远存在下去——除了采取并未见之于宪法的行动,谁也不可能毁灭掉联邦。

还有,就算合众国并不是个名副其实的政府,而只是依靠契约成立的一个各州的联合体,那既有契约的约束,若非参加这一契约的各方一致同意,我们能说取消就把它取消吗?参加订立契约的一方可以违约,或者说毁约;但如果合法地取消这一契约,岂能不需要大家一致同意吗?

从这些总原则出发,我们发现,从法学观点来看,联邦具有永久性质的提法,是为联邦自身的历史所证实的。联邦本身比宪法更为早得多。事实上,它是由1774年,签订的《联合条款》建立的。到1776年的《独立宣言》才使它进一步成熟和延续下来。然后,通过1778年的“邦联条款”使它更臻成熟,当时参加的十三个州便已明确保证要使邦联永久存在下去。最后,到1787年制订的宪法公开宣布的目的之一,便是“组建一个更为完美的联邦”。

但是,如果任何一个州,或几个州也可以合法地把联邦给取消掉,加这个联邦可是比它在宪法制订以前还更不完美了,因为它已失去了它的一个至关重要因素——永久性。

从这些观点我们可以认定,任何一个州,都不可能仅凭自己动议,便能合法地退出联邦——而任何以此为目的的决议和法令在法律上都是无效的;至于任何一州或几州的反对合众国当

局的暴力行为,都可以依据具体情况视为叛乱或革命行为。

因此我认为,从宪法和法律的角度来看,联邦是不容分裂的;我也将竭尽全力,按照宪法明确赋于我的责任,坚决负责让联邦的一切法令在所有各州得以贯彻执行。这样做,我认为只是履行我应负的简单职责;只要是可行的,我就一定要履行它,除非我的合法的主人美国人民,收回赋予我的不可缺少的工具,或行使他们的权威,命令我采取相反的行动。我相信我这话决不会被看成是一种恫吓,而只会被看作实现联邦已公开宣布的目的,它必将按照宪法保卫和维持它自己的存在。

要做到这一点并不需要流血或使用暴力,除非有人把它强。加于国家当局,否则便决不会发生那种情况。赋予我的权力将被用来保持、占有和掌管属于政府的一切财产和土地。征收各种税款和关税;但除开为了这些目的确有必要这外,决不会有什么入侵问题——决不会在任何地方对人民,或在人民之间使用武力。任何内地,即使对联邦政府的敌对情绪已十分严重和普遍,以致妨害有能力的当地公民执行联邦职务的时候,政府也决不会强制派进令人厌恶的外来人去担任这些职务。尽管按严格的法律规定,政府有权强制履行这些职责,但一定要那样做,必然非常使人不愉快,也几乎不切实际,所以我认为最好还是暂时先把这些职责放一放。

邮政,除非遭到拒收,仍将在联邦全境运作。在可能的情况下,一定要让各地人民,都享有完善的安全感,这十分有利于冷静思索和反思。我在这里所讲的这些方针必将奉行,除非当前事态和实际经验表明修改或改变方针是合适的。对任何一个事件和紧急问题,我一定会根据当时出现的具体形势谨慎从事,期望以和平手段解决国内纠纷,力图恢复兄弟爱手足情。

至于说某些地方总有些人不顾一切一心想破坏联邦,并不惜以任何借口图谋不轨,我不打算肯定或否定;如果确有这样一些人,我不必要再对他们讲什么。但对那些真正热爱联邦的人,我不可以讲几句吗?

在我们着手研究如此严重的一件事情之前,那就是要把我们的国家组织连同它的一切利益,一切记忆和一切希望全给消灭掉,难道明智的做法不是先仔细研究一下那样做究竟是为了什么?当事实上极有可能你企图逃避的祸害并不存在的时候,你还会不顾一切采取那种贻害无穷的步骤吗?或者你要逃避的灾祸虽确实存在,而在你逃往的地方却有更大的灾祸在等着你;那你会往那里逃吗?你会冒险犯下如此可怕的一个错误吗?

大家都说,如果宪法中所规定的一切权利都确实得到执行,那他也就会留在联邦里。那么,真有什么如宪法申明文规定的权利被否定了吗?我想没有。很幸运,人的头脑是这样构造出来的,没有一个党敢于如此冒天下之大不韪。如果可能,请你们讲出哪怕是一个例子来,说明有什么宪法中明文规定的条款是没有得到执行的。如果多数派完全靠人数上的优势,剥夺掉少数派宪法上明文规定的权利,这件事从道义的角度来看,也许可以说革命是正当的——如果被剥夺的是极为重要的权利,那革命就肯定无疑是合理行动。但我们的情况却并非如此。少数派和个人的一切重要权利,在宪法中,通过肯定和否定、保证和禁令;都一一向他们作了明确保证,以致关于这类问题,从来也没有引起过争论。但是,在制订基本法时却不可能对实际工作中出现的任何问题,都一一写下可以立即加以应用的条文。再高明的预见也不可能料定未来的一切,任何长度适当的文件也不可能包容下针对一切可能发生的问题的条文。逃避劳役的人到底应该由联邦政府交还还是由州政府交还呢?宪法上没有具体规定。国会可以在准州禁止奴隶制吗?宪法没有具体规定。国会必须保护准州的奴隶制吗?宪法也没有具体规定。

从这类问题中引出了我们对宪法问题的争端,并因这类问题使我们分成了多数派和少数派。如果少数派不肯默认,多数派便必须默认,否则政府便只好停止工作了。再没有任何别的路可走;要让政府继续行使职权,便必须要这一方或那一方默认。在这种情况下,如果一个少数派宁可脱离也决不默认,那他们也就开创将来必会使他们分裂和毁灭的先例;因为,当多数派拒绝接受这样一个少数派的控制的时候,他们中的少数派便必会从他们之中再脱离出去。比如说,一个新的联盟的任何一部分,在一两年之后,为什么就不会像现在的联邦中的一些部分坚决要脱离出去一样,执意要从从那个新联盟中脱离出去。所有怀着分裂联邦思想的人现在都正接受着分裂思想的教育。难道要组成一个新联邦的州,它们的利益竟会是那样完全一致,它们只会有和谐,而不会再出现脱离行动吗?

非常清楚,脱离的中心思想实质就是无政府主义。一个受着宪法的检查和限制的约束,总是随着大众意见和情绪的慎重变化而及时改变的多数派,是自由人民的唯一真正的统治者。谁要想排斥他们,便必然走向无政府主义或专制主义。完全一致是根本不可能的;把少数派的统治作为一种长期安排是完全不能接受的,所以,一旦排斥了多数原则,剩下的便只有某种形式的无政府主义或某专制主义了。

我没有忘记某些人的说法,认为宪法问题应该由最高法院来裁决。我也不否认这种裁决,在任何情况下,对诉讼各万,以及诉讼目的,完全具有约束力,而且在类似的情况中,—应受到政府的一切其它部门高度的尊重和重视。尽管非常明显,这类裁决在某一特定案例中都很可能会是错误的,然而,这样随之而来的恶果总只限于该特定案件,同时裁决还有机会被驳回,不致成为以后判案的先例,那这种过失比起其它的过失来当然更让人容易忍受。同时,正直的公民必须承认,如果政府在有关全体人民利害的重大问题的政策,都得由最高法院的裁决,作出决定那一旦对个人之间的一般诉讼作出裁决时,人民便已不再是自己的主人,而达到了将他们的政府交给那个高于一切的法庭的地步了。我这样说,决无意对法院或法官表示不满。一件案子按正常程序送到他们面前,对它作出正当裁决,是他们的不可推卸的责任;如果别的人硬要把他们的判决用来达到政治目的,那并不是他们的过错。

我国有一部分人相信奴隶制是正确的。应该扩展,而另一部分人又相信它是错误的,不应该扩展。这是唯一的实质性的争执,宪法中有关逃亡奴隶的条款,以及制止对外奴隶贸易的法

律,在一个人民的道德观念并不支持该法的,社会里,它们的执行情况也许不次于任何一项法律所能达到的程度。在两种情况下,绝大多数的人都遵守枯燥乏味的法律义务,但又都有少数人不听那一套。关于这一点,我想,要彻底解决是根本不可能的;如果寸巴两个地区分离。以后,情况只会更坏。对外奴隶贸易现在并未能完全加以禁止,最后在一个地区中必将全面恢复;对于逃亡奴隶,在另一个地区,现在送回的只是一部分,将来会完全不肯交出来了。

就自然条件而言,我们是不能分离的。我们决不能把我们的各个地区相互搬开,也不可能在它们之间修建起一道无法逾越的高墙。一对夫妻可以离婚,各走各的路,彼此再不见面。但我们国家的各部分可无法这么办。它们只能面对面相处,友好也罢。仇视也罢,他们仍必须彼此交往。我们维道能有任何办法使得这种交往在分离之后,比分离:之前更为有利,更为令,人满意吗?难道在外人之间订立条约,比在朋友之间制订法律还更为容易吗?难道在外人之间履行条约,比在朋友之间按法律办事还更忠实吗?就算你们决定。诉诸战争,你们,总不能永远打下去吧;最后当两败俱伤而双方都一无所获时,你们停止战斗,那时依照什么条件相互交往,这同一个老问题仍会照样摆在你们面前了。

这个国家,连同它的各种机构,都属于居住在这里的人民。任何时候,他们对现存政府感到厌倦了,他们可以行使他们的宪法权利,改革这个政府,或者行使他们的革命权利解散它或者推翻它。我当然知道,现在就有许多尊贵的、爱国的公民极于想修订我们的宪法。尽管我自己不会那么建议,我却也完全承认他们在这个问题上的合法权利,承认他们可以按照宪法所规定的两种方式中的任何一种来行使这种权利;而且,在目前情况下,我不但不反对,而倒是赞成给人民一个公正的机会让他们去行动。

我还不禁要补充一点,在我看来,采取举行会议的方式似乎更好一些,这样可以使修订方案完全由人民自己提出,而不是只让他们去接受或拒绝一些并非特别为此目的而选出的一些人提出的方案,因为也可能那些方案恰恰并不是他们愿意接受或拒绝的。我了解到现在已有人提出一项宪法修正案——这修正案我并没有看到,但在国会中已经通过了,大意说,联邦政府将永远不再干涉各州内部制度,包括那些应服劳役者的问题。为了使我讲的话不致被误解,我现在改变我不谈具体修正案的原来的打算,明确声明,这样一个条款,既然现在可能列入宪法,我不反对使它成为明确而不可改动的条文。

合众国总统的一切权威都来之于人民,人民并没有授于他规定条件让各州脱离出去的权力。人民自己如果要那样干,那自然也是可以的;可是现在的行政当局不能这样做。他的职责,是按照他接任时的样子管理这个政府,然后,毫无损伤地再移交给他的继任者。

我们为什么不能耐心地坚决相信人民的最终的公道呢?难道在整个世界上还有什么更好的,或与之相等的希望吗?在我们今天的分歧中,难道双方不都是认为自己正确吗?如果万国的全能统治者,以他的永恒的真理和公正,站在你们北方一边,或你们南方一边,那么,依照美国人民这一伟大法官的判决,真理和公正必将胜利。

按照目前我们生活其下的现政府的构架,我国人民十分明智;授于他们的公仆的胡作非为的权力是微乎其微的;而且同样还十分明智地规定,即使那点微乎其微的权力,经过很短一段时间后,就必须收回到他们自己手中。

由于人民保持他们的纯正和警惕,任何行政当局,在短短的四年之中,也不可能用极其恶劣或愚蠢的行为对这个政府造成严重的损害。

我的同胞们,请大家对这整个问题平心静气地好好想一想,真正有价值的东西是不会因从容从事而丧失的。如果有个什么目标使你迫不及待地要取得它,你采取的步骤是在审慎考虑的

情况下不会采取的,那个目标的确可能会由于你的从容不迫而达不到;但一个真正好的自标是不会因为从容从事而失去的。你们中现在感到不满的人,仍然必须遵守原封未动的老宪法,新个敏感的问题上,仍然有根据宪法制订的法律;而对此二者,新政府即使想要加以改变,它自身也立即无此权力。即使承认你们那些心怀不满的人在这一争执中站在正确的一边,那也丝毫没有正当的理由要采取贸然行动。明智、爱国主义、基督教精神,以及对从未抛弃过这片得天独厚的土地的上帝的依赖,仍然完全能够以最理想的方式来解决我们当前的一切困难。

决定内战这个重大问题的是你们,我的心怀不满的同胞们,而并非决定于我。政府决不会攻击你们。只要你们自己不当侵略者,就不会发生冲突。你们并没有对天发誓必须毁灭这个政

府,而我却曾无比庄严地宣誓,一定要“保持、保护和保卫”这个政府。

我真不想就此结束我的讲话,我们不是敌人,而是朋友。我们决不能成为敌人。尽管目前的情绪有些紧张,但决不能容许它使我们之间的亲密情感纽带破裂。回忆的神秘琴弦,在整个这片辽阔的土地上,从每一个战场,每一个爱国志士的坟墓,延伸到每一颗跳动的心和每一个家庭,它有一天会被我们的良知所触动,再次奏出联邦合唱曲。

肯尼迪就职演讲稿(中英文 篇七

我们今天庆祝的并不是一次政党的胜利,而是一次自由的庆典;它象征着结束,也象征着开始;意味着更新,也意味着变革。因为我已在你们和全能的上帝面前,作了跟我们祖先将近一又四分之三世纪以前所拟定的相同的庄严誓言。

现今世界已经很不同了,因为人在自己血肉之躯的手中握有足以消灭一切形式的人类贫困和一切形式的人类生命的力量。可是我们祖先奋斗不息所维护的革命信念,在世界各地仍处于争论之中。那信念就是注定人权并非来自政府的慷慨施与,而是上帝所赐。

我们今天不敢忘记我们是那第一次革命的继承人,让我从此时此地告诉我们的朋友,并且也告诉我们的敌人,这支火炬已传交新一代的美国人,他们出生在本世纪,经历过战争的锻炼,受过严酷而艰苦的和平的熏陶,以我们的古代传统自豪,而且不愿目睹或容许人权逐步被褫夺。对于这些人权我国一向坚贞不移,当前在国内和全世界我们也是对此力加维护的。

让每一个国家知道,不管它盼我们好或盼我们坏,我们将付出任何代价,忍受任何重负,应付任何艰辛,支持任何朋友,反对任何敌人,以确保自由的存在与实现。

这是我们矢志不移的事--而且还不止此。

对于那些和我们拥有共同文化和精神传统的老盟邦,我们保证以挚友之诚相待。只要团结,则在许多合作事业中几乎没有什么是办不到的。倘若分裂,我们则无可作为,因为我们在意见分歧、各行其是的情况下,是不敢应付强大挑战的。

对于那些我们欢迎其参与自由国家行列的新国家,我们要提出保证,绝不让一种形成的殖民统治消失后,却代之以另一种远为残酷的暴政。我们不能老是期望他们会支持我们的观点,但我们却一直希望他们能坚决维护他们自身的自由,并应记取,在过去,那些愚蠢得要骑在虎背上以壮声势的人,结果却被虎所吞噬。

对于那些住在布满半个地球的茅舍和乡村中、力求打破普遍贫困的桎梏的人们,我们保证尽最大努力助其自救,不管需要多长时间。这并非因为共产党会那样做,也不是由于我们要求他们的选票,而是由于那样做是正确的。自由社会若不能帮助众多的穷人,也就不能保全那少数的富人。

对于我国边界以内的各姐妹共和国,我们提出一项特殊的保证:要把我们的美好诺言化作善行,在争取进步的新联盟中援助自由人和自由政府来摆脱贫困的枷锁。但这种为实现本身愿望而进行的和平革命不应成为不怀好意的国家的俎上肉。让我们所有的邻邦都知道,我们将与他们联合抵御对美洲任何地区的侵略或颠覆。让其它国家都知道,西半球的事西半球自己会管。

至于联合国这个各主权国家的世界性议会,在今天这个战争工具的发展速度超过和平工具的时代中,它是我们最后的、最美好的希望。我们愿重申我们的支持诺言;不让它变成仅供谩骂的讲坛,加强其对于新国弱国的保护,并扩大其权力所能运用的领域。

最后,对于那些与我们为敌的国家,我们所要提供的不是保证,而是要求:双方重新着手寻求和平,不要等到科学所释出的危险破坏力量在有意或无意中使全人类沦于自我毁灭。

我们不敢以示弱去诱惑他们。因为只有当我们的武力无可置疑地壮大时,我们才能毫无疑问地确信永远不会使用武力。

可是这两个强有力的国家集团,谁也不能对当前的趋势放心--双方都因现代武器的代价而感到不胜负担,双方都对于致命的原子力量不断发展而产生应有的惊骇,可是双方都在竞谋改变那不稳定的恐怖均衡,而此种均衡却可以暂时阻止人类最后从事战争。

因此让我们重新开始,双方都应记住,谦恭并非懦弱的征象,而诚意则永远须要验证。让我们永不因畏惧而谈判。但让我们永不要畏惧谈判。

让双方探究能使我们团结在一起的是什么问题,而不要虚耗心力于使我们分裂的问题。

让双方首次制订有关视察和管制武器的真诚而确切的建议,并且把那足以毁灭其它国家的漫无限制的力量置于所有国家的绝对管制之下。

让双方都谋求激发科学的神奇力量而不是科学的恐怖因素。让我们联合起来去探索星球,治理沙漠,消除疾病,开发海洋深处,并鼓励艺术和商务。

让双方携手在世界各个角落遵循以赛亚的命令,去“卸下沉重的负担……(并)让被压迫者得自由。”

如果建立合作的滩头堡能够遏制重重猜疑,那么,让双方联合作一次新的努力吧,这不是追求新的权力均衡,而是建立一个新的法治世界,在那世界上强者公正,弱者安全,和平在握。

凡此种。种不会在最初的一百天中完成,不会在最初的一千天中完成,不会在本政府任期中完成,甚或也不能在我们活在地球上的毕生期间完成。但让我们开始。

同胞们,我们事业的最后成效,主要不是掌握在我手里,而是操在你们手中。自从我国建立以来,每一代的美国人都曾应召以验证其对国家的忠诚。响应此项召唤而服军役的美国青年人的坟墓遍布全球各处。

现在那号角又再度召唤我们--不是号召我们肩起武器,虽然武器是我们所需要的;不是号召我们去作战,虽然我们准备应战;那是号召我们年复一年肩负起持久和胜败未分的斗争,“在希望中欢乐,在患难中忍耐”;这是一场对抗人类公敌--暴政、贫困、疾病以及战争本身--的斗争。

我们能否结成一个遍及东西南北的全球性伟大联盟来对付这些敌人,来确保全人类享有更为富裕的生活?你们是否愿意参与这历史性的努力?

在世界的悠久历史中,只有很少几个世代的人赋有这种在自由遭遇最大危机时保卫自由的任务。我决不在这责任之前退缩;我欢迎它。我不相信我们中间会有人愿意跟别人及别的世代交换地位。我们在这场努力中所献出的精力、信念与虔诚、将照亮我们的国家以及所有为国家服务的人,而从这一火焰所聚出的光辉必能照明全世界。

所以,同胞们:不要问你们的国家能为你们做些什么,而要问你们能为国家做些什么。

全世界的公民:不要问美国愿为你们做些什么,而应问我们在一起能为人类的自由做些什么。

最后,不管你是美国的公民或世界它国的公民,请将我们所要求于你们的有关力量与牺牲的高标准拿来要求我们。我们唯一可靠的报酬是问心无愧,我们行为的最后裁判者是历史,让我们向前引导我们所挚爱的国土,企求上帝的保佑与扶携,但我们知道,在这个世界上,上帝的任务肯定就是我们自己所应肩负的任务。

曼德拉就职演讲稿,曼德拉就职演讲中英文 篇八

1994年4月,非国大在南非首次不分种族的大选中获胜。5月9日,在南非首次的多种族大选结果揭晓后,曼德拉成为南非历史上首位黑人总统。1994年5月11日,新当选的南非总统曼德拉及首届南非民族团结政府内阁成员宣誓就职,曼德拉发表了就职演讲。3个多世纪的种族隔离制度和白人种族主义统治终于走到了终点,南非开始迈上政治解放和种族平等的发展道路。

曼德拉就职演讲(中文)

演讲时间:1994年5月11日

——曼德拉当选南非总统就职演讲稿

陛下,殿下,尊贵的嘉宾,同胞们,朋友们:

今天,我们会聚于此,与我国和世界其他地方前来庆贺的人士一起,对新生的自由赋予光辉和希望。

这异常的人类悲剧太过漫长了,这经验孕育出一个令全人类引以自豪的社会。作为南非的一介平民,我们日常的一举一动,都要为南非创造现实条件,去巩固人类对正义的信念,增强人类对心灵深处高尚品德的信心,以及让所有人保持对美好生活的期望。

对我的同胞,我可以毫不犹疑地说,我们每一个人都跟这美丽祖国的大地亲密地牢不可分,就如红木树之于比勒陀利亚,含羞草之于灌木林。我们对这共同的家乡在精神上和肉体上有共同的感觉,当目睹国家因可怕的冲突而变得四分五裂,遭全球人民唾弃、孤立,特别是它成为恶毒的意识形态时,[www.shancaoxiang.com]我们的内心如此地痛苦。

我们南非人民,对全人类将我们再度纳入怀抱,感到非常高兴。不久之前,我们还遭全世界摒弃,而现在却能在自己的土地上,招待各国的嘉宾。我们非常感谢我国广大人民,以及各方民主政治、宗教、妇女、青年、商业及其他方面领袖所作的贡献,使我们取得了上述的成就。特别功不可没的,是我的第二副总统——德克勒克先生。

治愈创伤的时候已经来临。消除分隔我们的鸿沟的时刻已经来临。创建的时机就在眼前。

我们终于取得了政治解放。我们承诺,会将依然陷于贫穷、剥削、苦难、受着性别及其他歧视的国人解放出来。

我们已成功地让我们千千万万的国人的心中燃起希望。我们立下誓约,要建立一个让所有南非人,不论是黑人还是白人,都可以昂首阔步的社会。他们心中不再有恐惧,他们可以肯定自己拥有不可剥夺的人类尊严——这是一个在国内及与其他各国之间都保持和平的美好国度。

作为我国致力更新的证明,新的全国统一过渡政府的当务之急是处理目前在狱中服刑囚犯的特赦问题。

我们将今天献给为我们的自由而献出生命和作出牺牲的我国以至世界其他地方的英雄。 他们的理想现已成真,自由就是他们的报酬。

作为一个统一、民主、非种族主义和非性别主义的南非首任总统,负责带领国家脱离黑暗的深谷。我们怀着既谦恭又欣喜的心情接受你们给予我们的这份荣誉与权利。

我们深信,自由之路从来都不易走。我们很清楚,没有任何一个人可以单独取得成功。

因此,为了全国和解,建设国家,为了一个新世界的诞生,我们必须团结成为一个民族,共同行动。

让所有人得享正义。让所有人得享和平。让所有人得享工作、面包、水、盐分。让每个人都明白,每个人的身体、思想和灵魂都获得了解放,从属于自己。?这片美丽的土地永远、永远、永远再不会经历人对人的压迫,以及遭全球唾弃的屈辱。对于如此光辉的成就,太阳永不会停止照耀。

让自由战胜一切。愿上帝保佑南非!

曼德拉就职演讲(英文)

Your Majesties, Your Highnesses, Distinguished Guests, Comrades and friends

Today, all of us do, by our presence here, and by our celebrations in other parts of our country and the world, confer glory and hope to newborn liberty.

Out of the experience of an extraordinary human disaster that lasted too long, must be born a society of which all humanity will be proud.

Our daily deeds as ordinary South Africans must produce an actual South African reality that will reinforce humanity's belief in justice, strengthen its confidence in the nobility of the human soul and sustain all our hopes for a glorious life for all.

All this we owe both to ourselves and to the peoples of the world who are so well represented here today.

To my compatriots, I have no hesitation in saying that each one of us is as intimately attached to the soil of this beautiful country as are the famous jacaranda trees of Pretoria and the mimosa trees of the bushveld.

Each time one of us touches the soil of this land, we feel a sense of personal renewal. The national mood changes as the seasons change.

We are moved by a sense of joy and exhilaration when the grass turns green and the flowers bloom.

That spiritual and physical oneness we all share with this common homeland explains the depth of the pain we all carried in our hearts as we saw our country tear itself apart in a terrible conflict, and as we saw it spurned, outlawed and isolated by the peoples of the world, precisely because it has become the universal base of the pernicious ideology and practice of racism and racial oppression.

We, the people of South Africa, feel fulfilled that humanity has taken us back into its bosom, that we, who were outlaws not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to be host to the nations of the world on our own soil.

We thank all our distinguished international guests for having come to take possession with the people of our country of what is, after all, a common victory for justice, for peace, for human dignity.

We trust that you will continue to stand by us as we tackle the challenges of building peace, prosperity, non-sexism, non-racialism and democracy.

We deeply appreciate the role that the masses of our people and their political mass democratic, religious, women, youth, business, traditional and other leaders have played to bring about this conclusion. Not least among them is my Second Deputy President, the Honourable F.W. de Klerk.

We would also like to pay tribute to our security forces, in all their ranks, for the distinguished role they have played in securing our first democratic elections and the transition to democracy, from blood-thirsty forces which still refuse to see the light.

The time for the healing of the wounds has come.

The moment to bridge the chasms that pide us has come.

The time to build is upon us.

We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation. We pledge ourselves to liberate all our people from the continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender and other discrimination.

We succeeded to take our last steps to freedom in conditions of relative peace. We commit ourselves to the construction of a complete, just and lasting peace.

We have triumphed in the effort to implant hope in the breasts of the millions of our people. We enter into a covenant that we shall build the society in which all South Africans, both black and white, will be able to walk tall, without any fear in their hearts, assured of their inalienable right to human dignity--a rainbow nation at peace with itself and the world.

As a token of its commitment to the renewal of our country, the new Interim Government of National Unity will, as a matter of urgency, address the issue of amnesty for various categories of our people who are currently serving terms of imprisonment.

We dedicate this day to all the heroes and heroines in this country and the rest of the world who sacrificed in many ways and surrendered their lives so that we could be free.

Their dreams have become reality. Freedom is their reward.

We are both humbled and elevated by the honour and privilege that you, the people of South Africa, have bestowed on us, as the first President of a united, democratic, non-racial and non-sexist South Africa, to lead our country out of the valley of darkness.

We understand it still that there is no easy road to freedom.

We know it well that none of us acting alone can achieve success.

We must therefore act together as a united people, for national reconciliation, for nation building, for the birth of a new world.

Let there be justice for all.

Let there be peace for all.

Let there be work, bread, water and salt for all.

Let each know that for each the body, the mind and the soul have been freed to fulfil themselves.

Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of    one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world.

Let freedom reign.

The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement!

God bless Africa!

就职演讲稿 篇九

各位领导、老师大家好:

感谢学校给我们这个展现自己的机会,让我们这些刚步入工作岗位的年轻教师也有机会登上这个舞台得到锻炼。 从到现在我已经工作快两年了,近两年来一直担任初高中的物理教学任务,一直参与总部和校区的教研活动,学到了一些教研的具体工作。作为一名经验尚浅的年轻教师我也要求积极上进。所以我今天有幸成为理化组的教研组长,希望为咱们理化组的教研贡献一份力量。 今天坐在这里的,是学校的精英人才,是中流砥柱,是学校发展的关键。我们这一批人员的素质和强弱,直接体现了学校的整体水平和将来的发展。学科课堂教学的突破和学科教学质量的提升无形之中已经落在了我们在座的身上。教研组长是学校教学的中坚力量,要切实发挥引领作用,认真履行岗位职责,创造性地开展教研活动,努力营造浓厚的教学教研氛围,使本学科教研活动在内容、形式、质量上有大的突破。我认为教研组的工作方式是:有计划、有检查、有落实。全体教职工各负其责,分工明确,人人知道自己该干什么,不该干什么,

心往一块想,劲往一块使,配合默契。工作步骤是要从小处入手,要把“小事做细,细事做精”。要制定计划,逐步推进。

自己平时的一点教学体会:

一、 关于备课:做到清晰的教学内容、清晰的教学设计;

二、 关于上课:1、板块清晰;师生互动式教学;讲得到

位,练得合理,反馈及时;2、试听课绝不马虎;及时参与校区内部评课活动;

三、 关于作业:1、布置要精选、自编练习;2、布置的作

业做到“查漏补缺”“精讲细讲”,切实提高作业布置与批改的质量;3、培养学生规范答题的习惯。

计划重点做好以下三项工作:

一、积极组织备课活动协调老师们上好学校的物理化学课,创新课堂,改善学生对物理化学课的观念,树立学好物理化学的信心和信念。

二、积极协调组内的教师开展讲课授课经验交流活动,丰富新老教师的教育教学方法和技巧,让新教师能够更快的得到成长,让老教师的课堂更加生动有趣,做到理化不分家。

三、我们理化组的重中之重就是做好学生的个性化辅导,使更多的孩子能够踏入高中(大学)的大门。在今后的工作中

希望教师们能够做好协调工作,相互帮助,相互学习成功的经验,做到资源共享。努力在现有的成绩上再实现一个飞跃。为学校贡献自己的力量。

愿理化组的成员们尽情施展才华,互相帮助,共同创造属于自己和我们大家的辉煌!最后,衷心感谢各位以往的辛勤付出,我相信,在我们的共同努力下,我们学校的教研建设,教师的能力会有一个质的飞跃。

海纳百川,有容乃大。上面这9篇肯尼迪就职演讲稿(中英文就是山草香为您整理的肯尼迪就职演讲范文模板,希望可以给予您一定的参考价值。

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